Kai decades se swimming aur running ko cardiovascular health (dil ki sehat) ke liye aerobic exercise ke do best forms mein gina jata raha hai.
Lekin new research se pata chala hai ki yeh dono heart ko bilkul ek jaise tareeke se mazboot nahi banate. Brazil ke scientists ne ek animal model par ki gayi study mein paya ki swimming ne heart ki structure aur functioning mein running ke comparison me zyada extensive changes produce kiye. Isse pata chalta hai ki alag-alag tarah ki exercise cardiovascular health ko behtar banane ke liye alag biological pathways ke through kaam karti hain.
Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) ke researchers ne pata lagaya ki swimming, heart ki healthy growth ko promote karne aur heart muscle (myocardium) ki contraction force ko badhane mein running se zyada effective thi.
UNIFESP ke professor aur FAPESP ke support se hui is study ke coordinator Andrey Jorge Serra ne kaha, “Swimming aur running dono hi cardiorespiratory health ko improve karne aur heart muscle ki protection ke liye behtareen tareeke hain, lekin hum yeh jaan-na chahte the ki kya inmein se koi ek doosre se bhi zyada faydemand ho sakta hai. Humein pata chala ki dono hi respiratory capacity ko badhate hain, lekin swimming ek kadam aage badhkar functional aur molecular adaptations ko combine karti hai, jo heart ko aur zyada strong aur efficient banati hain.”
Scientific Reports mein publish hui is study ke findings se pata chala ki swimming, heart ki important adaptations se jude microRNAs mein zyada extensive changes produce karti hai. In adaptations mein heart cells ki growth, new blood vessels ka development (angiogenesis), cells ko damage ya dead hone se bachana, heart ki contractile function ko regulate karna aur oxidative stress ke prati response shamil hain.
Researchers ne paya ki yeh sabhi effects running ke mukable swimming mein kaafi zyada clear aur effective the.
Swimming Heart ke MicroRNAs Ko Kaise Influence Karti Hai
MicroRNAs aise molecules hote hain jo messenger RNAs ki expression ko regulate karte hain. Messenger RNAs hi protein synthesis ke liye responsible hote hain.
Serra batati hain ki kai studies pehle hi aerobic training ke effect se regulate hone wale microRNAs ki expression ko study kar chuki hain, lekin swimming aur running ko ek hi experimental setting mein compare karne par expression patterns ke baare mein bahut kam information available thi. Isliye yeh study dikhati hai ki in dono exercise modalities ke cardiovascular effects mein clear differences maujood hai.
Is experiment ke liye chuhon ko aath hafton ke training program se guzara gaya, jismein hafte mein paanch din 60-minute ke exercise sessions shamil the. Janwaron ko teen groups mein baanta gaya: ek sedentary (bina exercise) group, ek running group aur ek swimming group.
Kyunki swimming aur running fundamentally different activities hain, researchers ne inki tulna speed ke base par nahi, balki exercise ki relative intensity ke base par ki. Intensity ko maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) ke through measure kiya gaya, jo physical activity ke dauran body ki oxygen ko capture karne, transport karne aur use karne ki kshamata ka ek standard indicator mana jata hai.
Swimming Se Heart Ki Growth Zyada Hui
Dono tarah ki exercise ne fitness mein lagbhag ek jaisa sudhar kiya. Training period ke shuruaat aur ant ke beech dono exercise groups mein VO₂ max mein 5% se jada growth dekhi gayi. Lekin heart ke structure mein significant changes sirf swimming karne wale group mein dekhne ko mile.
Swimming se heart ke overall mass aur left ventricle ke mass mein visible growth hui. Wahin, running karne wale group mein sedentary (bina exercise) group ke mukable koi khaas structural difference nahi dekha gaya.
Serra ne kaha, “Logon ka kisi sport ko chunna aksar unki personal preference, aptitude aur enjoyment par depend karta hai. Lekin hamare results dikhate hain ki swimming ka myocardial recovery (heart muscle ki recovery), cardiac rehabilitation aur sabse badhkar scientific research ke sandarbh mein ek special impact ho sakta hai. Yeh isliye bhi important hai kyunki aerobic exercise par hone wali kai studies mein running aur swimming ko ek-doosre ke badle use kiya jata hai, jabki ab humein pata hai ki inke effects ek jaise nahi hote.”
Researchers ne training program se pehle aur baad mein kai tarah ke tests kiye, taaki cardiorespiratory capacity, physical fitness, aur heart aur myocardium (heart muscle) ki structure aur functioning ko assess kiya ja sake.
Cardiac Hypertrophy Ke Peeche Ke Molecular Mechanisms
Team ne un gene expressions aur protein signaling pathways ko bhi study kiya jo physiological cardiac hypertrophy se jude hote hain. Yeh heart ke size mein hone wali ek healthy growth hai, jo regular exercise ke karan hoti hai. Iske alawa, researchers ne un molecular mechanisms ki bhi jaanch ki jinhe regulatory microRNAs ko identify karne ke liye use kiya jata hai.
Researcher ne kaha, “Halaanki abhi tak humein yeh poori tarah samajh nahi aaya hai ki molecular level par microRNAs mein yeh change kyon hota hai, lekin hum physiological hypertrophy ko control karne wale molecular pathways ki gahraai se jaanch aur samajh vikasit karne mein safal rahe.”
Reference
Yeh study “Swimming is superior to running in inducing physiological cardiac hypertrophy and enhancing myocardial performance” title se 29 January 2026 ko publish hui thi.Is research ko Federal University of São Paulo ke researchers Amanda Yoshizaki, Ednei Luiz Antonio, Luis Dos Santos, Mariana Teixeira dos Santos, Flavia Leticia Martins, Regiane Santos Feliciano, Jose Antonio Silva Junior, Brunno Lemes de Melo, Danilo Sales Bocalini, Paulo José Ferreira Tucci, Adriana Castello Costa Girardi aur Andrey Jorge Serra ne milkar anjaam diya tha. Study prestigious scientific journal Scientific Reports mein publish hui thi.
